When should you opt for shockwave therapy?

What Are Shockwaves and How Do They Work?

Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) is a modern, non-invasive method used to treat various musculoskeletal conditions. Its mechanism of action is based on the transmission of high-intensity sound waves that penetrate the skin and muscle tissue to reach the affected or injured area. The main advantage of this therapy is that it does not require surgery, as therapists use a specialized device to direct shockwaves precisely at the affected site. The shockwaves cause microscopic tissue damage, which activates the body's natural healing response. This process includes increased blood circulation in the affected area, allowing for better oxygen and nutrient supply. Additionally, ESWT promotes the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), which improves blood flow in the long term. The therapy also enhances tissue metabolism, speeding up the healing and regeneration process.

Due to its non-invasive nature, ESWT is often chosen as a therapy for patients dealing with chronic pain, especially when other treatment methods, such as physiotherapy, pain medication, or corticosteroid injections, have not been successful. Another key benefit is that the therapy does not cause major side effects like invasive treatment methods might. During the therapy, patients usually experience only mild discomfort or slight pain, which typically subsides quickly. ESWT can be tailored to the specific condition of the patient, as therapists can select different parameters, such as wave intensity and the number of impulses. A session typically lasts between 15 and 20 minutes, depending on the affected area and the severity of the injury. Patients usually require multiple sessions (often 3 to 5) to achieve optimal results.

When Is It Time to Consider Shockwave Therapy?

The decision to opt for ESWT often depends on the type of injury, the duration of the condition, and the success of previous treatments. If you have been experiencing pain for an extended period that has not improved despite conventional methods such as physiotherapy, painkillers, rest, or injections, it may be time for a different approach. ESWT is particularly effective in treating chronic conditions caused by repetitive strain, injury, or inflammation. Some of the most common indications for ESWT include:

• Plantar fasciitis: This condition arises from overloading the plantar fascia, leading to chronic pain in the sole of the foot, especially in the morning or after prolonged rest. If orthopedic insoles, stretching exercises, and other conservative treatments do not provide relief, ESWT is an effective method to reduce pain and inflammation and accelerate recovery.
• Tendinopathies: This term encompasses various chronic issues involving inflammation or degeneration of tendons. The Achilles tendon, elbow tendons (tennis and golfer's elbow), and rotator cuff tendons are most commonly affected. When pain persists for more than six months and physiotherapy or other treatments have been unsuccessful, ESWT is often the next step. Shockwaves help break down inflamed tissues, alleviate pain, and stimulate tendon regeneration.
• Calcifications: In some patients, calcium deposits form in tendons, causing limited mobility and pain, particularly during lifting or rotational movements of the shoulder. These deposits are often resistant to traditional treatments. ESWT helps break down these deposits, allowing the body to gradually absorb and eliminate them, improving the function of the affected area.
• Muscle and ligament injuries: Injuries such as sprains, muscle strains, and ligament damage are common among athletes or active individuals. If these injuries do not heal properly or pain persists despite rest and treatment, ESWT offers the potential to accelerate recovery. The therapy stimulates the regeneration of damaged tissues and prevents the development of chronic conditions.

It is important to have realistic expectations regarding the outcomes of the therapy, as it may take several weeks or even months for some patients to experience the full effects of the treatment. Therefore, consulting an experienced physiotherapist before starting the therapy is crucial to determine whether ESWT is suitable for your specific condition and how the therapy can best contribute to your recovery.

Benefits of Shockwave Therapy

Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) offers several key advantages, making it a popular choice for patients dealing with long-term injuries and pain. Here are the main benefits that make ESWT an attractive solution:

• Non-Invasiveness: ESWT does not require surgical intervention, which means no anesthesia, tissue incisions, or lengthy rehabilitation processes are needed, as is often the case after surgeries. Since the procedure is non-invasive, the risk of infections, scarring, and other complications associated with surgeries is significantly reduced. Additionally, patients can resume their daily activities immediately after therapy, as no recovery period is required, unlike invasive procedures.
• Minimal Side Effects: Unlike some other therapies, such as medications or injections, ESWT has no major systemic side effects. During the therapy, patients may experience mild discomfort or pain, which can persist for a few days afterward, but these sensations usually subside quickly. ESWT does not affect other organs or systems in the body, meaning patients do not risk side effects such as digestive issues, dependency, or resistance to medications, which are often associated with long-term use of painkillers. This makes ESWT a safe choice for a wide range of patients.
• Short Treatment Duration: A key advantage of ESWT is the speed of the procedure. Therapy typically lasts 15 to 20 minutes, allowing patients to complete their treatment quickly and without significant disruptions. Most patients also require only a few sessions (often three to five) to achieve noticeable improvement. This means the healing process is shorter and less disruptive compared to other, more prolonged methods. The speed and effectiveness of ESWT enable patients to return to their regular activities in a shorter time.
• Promotes Natural Healing: ESWT works by stimulating the body’s self-healing processes. The shockwaves directed at the damaged tissue cause microscopic injuries, which activate natural regeneration processes. This natural stimulation means ESWT helps the body recover without the need for artificial substances, medications, or surgical interventions. Additionally, it boosts blood circulation and promotes the growth of new blood vessels, enhancing tissue regeneration in the long term. With ESWT, the body can overcome inflammation, injury, or degeneration more quickly, leading to more sustainable improvement.

Is Shockwave Therapy the Right Solution for You?

The decision to use ESWT depends on your specific diagnosis, condition, and previous treatment history. Before opting for this therapy, it is essential to consult a doctor or specialist who will recommend the most appropriate option based on your symptoms and medical history. It is important to understand that while ESWT is highly effective for many patients, it may not work equally well for everyone. Therefore, having realistic expectations is key.

The best candidates for ESWT are those dealing with chronic conditions that have persisted for months or years and where other treatment methods, such as medications, physiotherapy, or injections, have failed. ESWT is not the first choice for acute injuries that have occurred recently, as these are often better treated with standard methods such as rest, ice, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Your specialist will evaluate your specific symptoms and the duration of your issues to determine whether ESWT is the right solution for you. Typically, at least three sessions are recommended to assess whether improvement occurs.

Where Is Shockwave Therapy Performed?

ESWT therapy is carried out by qualified healthcare professionals such as physiotherapists, orthopedists, and other specialists experienced in using ESWT devices. The therapy is offered in specialized clinics, physiotherapy centers, or rehabilitation facilities. Before starting therapy, a thorough examination is usually required, during which the specialist evaluates your health condition and determines whether ESWT is a suitable method for you.

The healthcare professional will thoroughly explain the procedure, the number of sessions required, and the expected outcomes before therapy begins. The therapy is performed using a device that the therapist applies to the affected area. The specialist will also monitor your progress and assess whether additional sessions are needed to achieve optimal results.

So, if you are considering ESWT, consult a specialist and make sure you understand the entire process, its benefits, and limitations.